Manipulating the environment to promote adaption (Bower 1972). Protective nursing actions are measures that promote health and prevent disease.  They improve or correct situations.  Examples are immunizations, health teaching or anticipatory guidance; or preventing complications and disease sequelae (Bower 1972). Have some self-determination about what activities he or she will take part in so long as he or she does not injure self or others. Since aging is a normal and fundamental part of life. While aging does not lead to illnesses and disease, it does increase a person’s susceptibility to many illnesses. To summarize, nursing interventions include: The elderly person may have many needs to be met – physical, social, emotion and spiritual.  Often the following basic needs are overlooked.  However, they can be met with little extra effort on the part of the nurse.  Remember that the elderly person desires to: Family members of the patient often have basic needs that are overlooked.  The family members may also be aged.  However, they deserve the same consideration as the patient.  They should not be treated as infants or as incompetents.  Family members also need to be comforted emotionally, and sometimes physically, when they feel guilty or worried.Â. Principles of Geriatric Care Major emphases in geriatric health care as they relate to ethnically diverse older adults: Biopsychosocial approach: the integration of consideration of physical, psychological, and social factors in providing health care Gerontology nursing or geriatric nursing specializes in the care of older or elderly adults. Geriatric Care Can be Offered in Different Settings. Good communications skills will help you to obtain assessment and nursing history data.  Use open-ended statements.  Indicate your observation of the senior’s behavior.  Indicate your level of understanding of their implied communication.  Silence may also be therapeutic.  Let the senior elaborate on answers.  Be attentive to the non-verbal communication and its possible meaning(s). Quality of Life is a Critical Outcome of Geriatric Care, Making sure that the elderly individual is able to remain functional and improve their overall quality of life is at the core of geriatric care services. Optimal geriatric hospital care takes these special characteristics into account, and entails the use of a particular systematic approach, no matter what patients' admitting diagnoses may be. Directing others, including the family, to give care to the elderly person. Geriatric care takes these differences into account when providing care to elderly patients. Be remembered: The person fears being overlooked and forgotten. Doing all the ministrations or procedures that implement the medical regimen outlined by the physician. Your approach and reactions to the person as you promote and maintain biopsychosocial health. Common risk factors for the nursing diagnosis risk for falls: Age … These behaviors on the part of the nurse can help to add to the total amount of information gathered in the interview process.  Do not ask a barrage of direct questions.  Many direct and pointed questions will tend to stifle the senior’s expression, resulting in superficial and brief answers.  The interviewer who is too active obtains less pertinent data.  An assessment tool is not meant to be used as a probe. Learn what is causing health problems or distress in terminology that he or she can understand. Since elderly patients often live in nursing homes and are frail and disabled, our view of the elderly is skewed. You may think that obtaining a lengthy assessment and nursing history is too time-consuming and is impractical.  However, it is a vital activity for the purpose of individualizing patient care.  A nurse-patient relationship is begun during the assessment process.  Assessment conveys interest and concern to the patient.  It also establishes a sense of trust from the patient.  A nursing diagnosis and realistic care objectives cannot be formulated without information obtained in a nursing history or without patient involvement. Although used interchangeably, these are two different types of home care that are offered to the elderly. The elderly have an important role and great respect in Asian cultures.  Children are expected to care for their elders.  Some of this tradition is present in Asian immigrants in the United States.  However, the elderly may expect more than their more westernized children or grandchildren are prepared to give. Reducing anxiety by being supportive and available to the person and family experiencing death. Aging can occur at different rates, depending mainly on the individual.  Giving sickness care including intensive care or daily care such as feeding, bathing, range of motion, turning. Another study on physical function in White and Black elderly revealed that Blacks had greater decreases in mobility and self-care capacity than Whites.  Black women had more limitations than Black men.  Blacks also had twice as much time spent in bed due to illness than the White elderly subjects. Encouraging the senior to use energy-saving devices. Geriatric physical therapy role. 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